Sunday, August 24, 2014

Garth Daniels - and the - Florence Nightingales




                                               A time and place for quiet contemplation.
                                                                  Garth in the garden
Eastern Health’s Maroondah and Box Hill Hospital; Dandenong Hospital; the Austin Hospital; the Alfred Hospital; Frankston Hospital; Thomas Embling Forensic Hospital(sic); the  Melbourne Clinic and St. Vincent’s Hospital in the CBD of Melbourne.... Australia.

Dandenong Magistrates Court, Frankston Magistrates Court, Ringwood Magistrates Court, Collingwood Diversion Magistrates Court, the Melbourne Magistrates Court... What was this all about we may well ask?

It has been seventeen years since that first admission of Garth Daniels being labelled mentally ill to which was added the word "violent".  What followed saw Garrth Daniels being shafted to and fro between these hospitals.  Not lost inbetween were charges and summons served upon Garth Daniels for alleged assault against staff while being treated under an Involuntary Order (ITO).  In 2014 we find Garth Daniels having gone full circle and once again admitted to Eastern Health.  

Out of the east a paradigm shift… a psychiatrist director of the acute ward, the director of nursing and the psychiatry ward nurse unit manager… Transparent and open discussion… a collaborative approach by the treating team in communicating with the patient and… they listened to the family with a real sense of purpose and understanding.

What ensued was a level of encouragement unsurpassed…  a determination by those nurses some who volunteered to be involved in Garth Daniels treatment and care, under trying circumstances which may be described as frightening.  Caring in a controlled environment for a patient whose reputation preceded him and who had been to date described as violent...."not to be approached when unwell". 

What changed may be best described as extraordinary… it was more than a paradigm shift...here we find the consultant diverging from the standard response of increasing dosages to C-Max, but rather a return to basics.  Open discussion with the patient and concerns of the family being placed first and foremost…   This despite a high level of abuse and acute agitation and aggression being directed at them by the patient in his delirious state.  And, an alleged history of violence enough to frighten away even the more seasoned and experienced nurses in psychiatry…  Yet, they persevered with an uncanny determination to get Garth Daniels well to return him to his pre-morbid state and sense of well-being.

While there is an association between high dose of anti-psychotic drugs and extra-pyramidal side effects (EPSE) and Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs’).  Similarly, there exists a cause and effect relationship between elevated creatinine kinase (CK) a muscle enzyme of the skeletal system, psychosis and extreme agitation/aggression.  Except of course no one who treated Garth Daniels before would accept such an association.  It was perhaps easier to “blame” the dis-ease and the concomitant label of being mentally ill.  The latter being associated with Garth Daniels violence and notated that he be approached when unwell with "extreme caution…" 

Of course it was not easy to get clinicians to consider the effects of polypharmacy; high dose anti psychotics or the impact of potent anti-psychotic drugs upon the 5HT2A cytochromes more than its effect on the D2 dopamine and its concomitant effect in elevating CK levels… until NOW. All credit to the treating team headed by Clinical Director, psychiatrist Dr. Jennifer Babb and her treating team who dared to stop and listen…

What has been the effect… a return to mono-therapy, a return of CK to normal levels, abatement of aggressive and violent outbursts; compassion and understanding by nurses, who through dedication to their calling… and encouragement from each other and their peers nurtured Garth Daniels the alleged violent  patient back to a state of well-being.  

The template has been established and one that must not be ignored as contributing significantly to Garth Daniels returning to his pre-morbid state.  To those nurses who nurtured Garth Daniels under very trying and extreme levels of perceived and actual aggression and cognitive dysfunction… their efforts have produced a remarkable result.  And, while medication may have played its part... its the meticulous attention to detail ... the use of sensory measure all initiated by the clinical director/consultant... coupled with a level of nursing care that at this time is to be commended. 

The standard of nursing is beyond reproach and those nurses from Eastern Health who may well stumble upon this blog… let it be known that their efforts will be long remembered and have not gone unnoticed.  

A reflection of the leadership not only of the Consultant Psychiatrist, but also of MS.Rebecca Johnson, Director of Nursing and MS. Debra Siddell, Nursing Unit Manager... Foremost to those nurses who persevered with Garth Daniels in a manner that could only be described as being in the Spirit of Florence Nightingale.

Friday, April 18, 2014

Garth Daniels - Shock At the Crossroads


"Whether a patient gets shock treatment depends less on the patient's mental condition than on the doctor's mental and moral condition." Peter R.Breggin, MD. The Anti-Depressant Fact Book, Perseus Publishing, Cambridge, Mass, 2001. P.167


In early 2013 Garth Daniels voluntary signed into a Melbourne clinic to participate in a group therapy program. This was not to be... within less than twenty four hours Garth found himself hand-cuffed by police and bundled off to St. Vincent's Psychiatric Ward in the public sector.


Garth Daniels recollection of events was that he had "flashbacks", approached nurses and asked them if their conscience was not affected by their prior treatment of him. In reply Garth Daniels recalls hearing the duress alarm....


Within a short space of time Garth Daniels says he was surrounded by police who demanded he kneel on the floor, place his hands behind his back...Garth Daniels states he was then bundled into a police van and transported to St.Vincent's Hospital Psychiatric ward.


At St.Vincents adjustments were made to his pharmaceutical drug prescriptions and within two weeks he was discharged. ... it was soon realized that the alteration of the drug prescriptions required further review and adjustment... and, that this required monitoring which could best be achieved in a hospital setting. A negotiated and agreed treatment protocol was embarked upon with the treating clinician at Dandenong Hospital, Southern Health.


Since that initial negotiation and an improved outcome for Garth Daniels... a rotation of clinicians led to Garth being treated by Dr.Neeraj Sareen.... who railroaded over this understanding and forced a management plan upon Garth Daniels which resulted in known adverse drug reaction...  Subsequently, culminating in Garth Daniels being accused of intentionally being violent towards staff and causing injury.


Despite a prior advanced directive in the form of Refusal of Treatment Certificates 'which included a definitive DO NOT CONSENT TO ECT (shock treatment)...reinforced verbally by Garth Daniels. It appears the Medical Program Director, A/Prof. David Barton, his Clinical Director Dr. Fernandez and their consultant/registrar Dr. Neeraj Sareen have placed shock treatment at the crossroads... they authorized that Garth Daniels be given numerous shock treatments... Electro-Convulsive Therapy to curb his violence????.


Garth Daniels appeared before the Mental Health Review Board, who in their wisdom again found that Garth Daniels did not meet the criteria for continued involuntary treatment and discharged Garth Daniels from Dandenong Hospital... in August 2013.


...shortly after Garth Daniels discharge from Dandenong Hospital in August 2013... a policeman delivered Garth Daniels a Summons and Charge for assault to appear in the Dandenong Magistrates Court on 30 January 2014.

Friday, July 12, 2013

Garth Daniels - Amygdala - Fear Rage & Aggression

The Amygdala is almond shaped found in that region in the brain protected by the temporal bones immediately behind the ears. The Amygdala sits roughly on a horizontal plane midway between the ears and directly in line with the eyes.

The Amygdala interconnects with four major lobes of the cerebral hemisphere.  These interconnections serve to convey sensory information which the Amygdala processes as external inputs which may for example be a result of a negative or painful event.   These inputs encompass  pain, sound, touch and visual systems to which the Amygdala creates an associated response with these  negative stimuli and random events.    A particularly negative stimuli is fear which prompts the Amygdala to reinforce and trigger a learned response to such fear, much like that of Pavlov's Dog.

Is it the effects of drug toxicity (poisoning) coupled with negative environmental stimuli, sensory inputs, that the interconnections outputs within the Amygdala triggers various kinds of integrated activities as a defense mechanism ?   "... fear is one of the most common manifestations of amygdaloidal electrical stimulation and abnormal activations"(Rhawn Joseph, PhD.)

Is this a route cause which culminates in the involuntary actions of a patient taking these drugs being labeled violent?

Monday, June 17, 2013

Garth Daniels - and - "Syndrome Malin des Neuroleptique"

Despite an ALERT first recorded by Eastern Health in the medical files of Garth Daniels more than fifteen years ago, it appears that little attention was given to this treatment emergent condition first described by Delay and Deneker in 1960. "Syndrome Malin des Neuroleptic" that is Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome...

The first reaction to it as described by the French clinicians Delay and Deneker is removal of the causative agent... The first recorded response is almost always the correct response... the literature confirms that the standard response has and always should be removal of the causative agent. Interestingly, that is precisely the response executed by Eastern Health when Garth was first treated there in 1996. What have been the consequences ?

The introduction of polypharmacy as has been documented in Garth Daniels volumes of medical records merely reinforces the notion that polypharmacy serves to "mask" underlying symptoms of this potentially fatal condition... So, why has it continued by other service providers?

Monday, April 29, 2013

Garth Daniels - A Paridigm Shift, Polypharmacy and the TGA

The Therapeutic Goods Administration ( Australia) is equivalent to the Food and Drug Administration (USA).

In 2008 the TGA convened a scientific study of reports based on numerous cases submitted to it by a psychiatrist who has an interest in forensic and medico - legal issues in psychiatry. The case studies encompassed numerous reports which described adverse events and complicated psychotropic medication histories over an extended periods of time.  The scientific study was undertaken by the Psychiatric Drug Safety Expert Advisory Panel established by the TGA.

In its Executive Summary The Panel considered that "the reports were most valuable for highlighting a number of issues associated with the use of psychotropic medicines, including
  • ...extent of the problems associated with polypharmacy...
  • lack of evidence for the use of many of the prescribed combinations...
  • potential of increased adverse events when multiple medications are used concurrently...
  • clinicians difficulties in "distinguishing" side effects as akathesia from underlying psychiatric disorders
  • inconsistencies between current Australian Product Information documents and international monographs...
...there was usually clear evidence of a temporal relationship between the onset of symptoms ( e.g. akathesia or suicidal ideation ) and the use of medication and evidence that the symptom improved on discontinuation or reduction in dose of the drug...."

Why is it that on each and every occasion Garth Daniels presented to hospital...whether voluntary or involuntary is not the question... Why has it been that his drug prescription is always increased culminating in unnecessary traumatic and lengthy inpatient hospital stays?

Perhaps now there is a paradigm shift... initiated as a result of a short stay at St.Vincents Hospital and recognition that the alternative to a C-Max dose.. and polypharmacy is a reduction.

Therapeutic dose should be based on the rate of clearance the formula of which equates to dosing rate divided by drug concentration, shouldn't it ?

Saturday, March 16, 2013

GARTH DANIELS - An Awakening

After more than sixteen years of  pharmaceutical drug interventions Garth now suffers from significant residual problems.  To the extent that  he considered it appropriate to enter the private hospital sector to monitor these residual effects more intensely. On Monday 11 March Garth found himself in the invidious position of  needing hospitalization in order to deal with the consequences of polypharmacy with respect to the subsequent difficulties with etiology.